Yes, that's the wiring diagram from the 95 4.0. and no your '89 does not have an ASD.
Hard to tell where those wires run from in your pics. If it the green and orange wires go to that plug in pic 2 they go to a valve on the A/C drier if you had A/C. The wiring harnesses came prewired for all the bells and whistles like A/C so it could be added as a dealer option, and if you have no A/C it is not needed.
Your Alternator should have two heavy (10 Ga or so, Red wires and one 16( brown resistor wire). which I can see below what you are holding in pic1. Easiest way to check your alternator output is to check the battery voltage key off/engine off, then again with engine on. With a good battery and a working alternator you should see 12v/13v off and 13v/14v when running. You get the Idea. The voltmeter doesn't measure alternator output, just battery voltage. with a 30 yr old calibration on the meter, it is what it is and is basically enough to let you know if its working or not.